What is Colonoscopy

Colonoscopy is a medical procedure that allows for the examination of the large intestine, also known as the colon, using a flexible instrument called a colonoscope. It is an important screening and diagnostic tool for detecting abnormalities and diseases in the colon.

Why is a Colonoscopy Performed?

  • Colorectal cancer screening
  • Diagnosis of gastrointestinal conditions
  • Surveillance of known conditions
  • Evaluation of symptoms
  • Removal of polyps or abnormal tissue
  • Monitoring and management of certain conditions

The primary purposes of a colonoscopy

Colorectal cancer screening

Colonoscopy is commonly used as a screening tool to detect and prevent colorectal cancer. It can identify precancerous growths called polyps, which can be removed during the procedure to prevent them from developing into cancer. Regular screening is recommended for individuals above a certain age or those with an increased risk of colorectal cancer.

Diagnosis of gastrointestinal conditions

Colonoscopy helps diagnose various gastrointestinal conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease (such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis), diverticulosis, gastrointestinal bleeding, chronic diarrhea, and unexplained abdominal pain.

Evaluation of symptoms

When patients experience persistent symptoms like rectal bleeding, changes in bowel habits, unexplained weight loss, or iron-deficiency anemia, a colonoscopy can help identify the underlying cause.

Surveillance of known conditions

For individuals with a history of polyps or colorectal cancer, regular colonoscopies may be recommended to monitor the colon and detect any new abnormalities or signs of recurrence.

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